Environmental Security Implications of Household Solid Waste Management in the Wa Municipality

Abstract

Improper waste management is posing problems in low-income countries. This challenge is further breeding environmental insecurity concerns. Environmental security (ES) is a safeguard against environmental degradation and protection of human lives. This study was, conducted to find out the ES implications of HSM in the Wa Municipality. The research aimed at examining how households manage their solid wastes and its implications for ES. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was adopted. Simple random sampling was employed to select 398 study participants using questionnaires and interview guides. Purposive sampling was also used to select 10 key informants for in-depth interviews. The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and thematic development. The data was also presented using pie charts, bar graphs, tables, narratives and quotations. The study revealed that participants had adequate knowledge about the implications of poor HSW management on ES. Inadequate resources, weak enforcement of environmental health and sanitation-related laws are some challenges hindering proper HSM. Respondents also found waste reduction as the most appropriate strategy for enhancing ES. The study equally revealed that the environmental insecurity conditions associated with improper HSW waste management is not limited to only the waste disposal sites but also extends to surrounding areas, thus, causing health risks, odour, flooding and conflicts from the NIMBY syndrome. A Chi-square test revealed a positive relationship between HSM and ES. The study hereby concludes that the nature and extent of HSW management has ES implications for residence in the Wa Municipality. The study, therefore, recommends public education on the effect of HSM on ES and enforcement of environmental sanitation-related laws in order to effect positive attitudes at the household. The study also recommends strengthening of Environmental Health and Sanitation Units with the requisite logistics to enhance environmental quality in the Wa Municipality.